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Experts discuss "power system supports carbon peak and carbon neutral goal"

At the 2021 International Engineering Technology Development Strategy High-end Forum and the 6th Zijin International Conference on Electricity, which closed a few days ago, many experts and scholars exchanged the latest research results in the fields of new power systems, energy Internet, and power markets. Energy and power technology innovation, and promote the implementation of carbon peak and carbon neutral goals contribute wisdom.
Under the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the power industry is the main battlefield of the energy transition
At present, my country has fully initiated strategic research and path selection research on carbon peak and carbon neutral goals, and all walks of life are working hard.
At present, our country is in the stage of industrialization development, the economic development task is arduous, and the demand for electricity will increase rigidly. At the 2021 International Engineering Technology Development Strategy High-end Forum and the 6th Zijin Electricity International Academic Symposium, industry experts generally believed that to achieve the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the energy industry is the main battlefield and the power industry is the main force.
"To achieve the'dual carbon' goal, we must adhere to the principle of'based on national conditions, safe development, scientific innovation, and pragmatic results', and recognize that energy consumption is the core, industrial structure adjustment is the key, fossil energy is the focus, and energy conservation and efficiency improvement are the starting point. The construction of a modern energy system is the goal.” Su Yinao, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and director of the Department of Energy and Mining Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, believes that the power industry is the main battlefield for my country's energy transition, and the new power system is an important part of my country's modern energy system.
According to data released by the National Energy Administration, as of the end of 2020, my country's non-fossil energy accounted for 15.9% of primary energy consumption, clean energy power generation installed capacity accounted for nearly 50% of total installed capacity, and coal consumption accounted for 57% of primary energy consumption. With the deepening of industrialization and urbanization, my country's total energy consumption will peak around 2030. After reaching the peak, electricity demand will continue to grow.
"China's energy carbon emissions in 2020 will reach 9.9 billion tons, accounting for 31% of the world's total; the power industry's carbon emissions account for 37% of China's total carbon emissions. Several major power generation companies have proposed that carbon peaks before 2028. This requires We strictly control the addition of coal power during the 14th Five-Year Plan, and cannot add coal power during the Fifteenth Five-Year Plan. Coal power must change its function from providing electricity to providing auxiliary power services." Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, China Huaneng Group Co., Ltd. Chairman Shu Yinbiao said at the meeting that to promote the transformation of China's power industry, we must build a zero-carbon power system. From deep low-carbon to zero-carbon, it is recommended to retain a certain scale of thermal power. Capture, use and storage (CCUS) technology to remove. "Thermal power should play the role of underpinning and emergency protection to solve the problem of guaranteeing supply caused by the long-term and seasonal fluctuations of new energy power generation." He said.
"From 2030 to 2040, coal-fired power generation is at a plateau. After 2040, coal-fired power generation will decline rapidly." Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and Honorary Dean of the School of Electrical Engineering of Xi'an Jiaotong University Qiu Aici said at the meeting. She believes that according to the boundary conditions of the preliminary research results of the "14th Five-Year" power plan, the proportion of non-fossil energy power generation in the country by 2025 will be 35.85%, which shows that the number of installed capacity and utilization hours of fossil energy must be restricted during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. , And increase the proportion of wind power, photovoltaic power and other renewable energy installed capacity growth in order to achieve the goal of 50% of non-fossil energy power generation in 2030.
In Qiu Aici's view, my country should take the road of parallel energy structure adjustment and renewable energy development, that is, low-carbon and zero-carbon parallel. Under the premise of ensuring safety, a new power system that meets the goals of the energy transition should be constructed in two stages: the first stage is to transform and upgrade the existing power system, and the second stage uses multiple types of large-scale energy storage and hydrogen energy as flexible power supply.
Optimize the development path of the new power system and speed up related scientific and technological research
"Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality are my country's established strategic goals, but its implementation path needs to be optimized on a rolling basis. The new power system with new energy as the main body is one of the most important supports to achieve this goal." Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Xue Yusheng, Honorary Dean of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, said at the seminar.
In the opinion of many industry experts, the power industry must not only achieve clean replacement of fossil energy on the energy production side, but also achieve electrical energy replacement on the energy consumption side, and undertake the transfer of energy consumption and carbon emissions from industries, construction, and transportation. At present, under the background of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the power industry urgently needs to accelerate the construction of a new power system with new energy as the main body.
Xue Yusheng believes that the process of constructing a new power system is not only challenged by the large-scale access of new energy sources, but also restricted by factors such as increasingly stringent environmental constraints, market competition, and social participant behavior. He said that the boundary conditions between the new power system in the vision and non-electrical energy systems, environmental systems, social systems and other non-electrical links are no longer approximately unchanged, and planning and scheduling can no longer be based on a closed system. They need to be included in the information. -The energy system framework within the physical-society framework to optimize the development path of the new power system from the perspective of carbon peaking, carbon neutrality and energy low-carbon transition.
"As my country’s carbon peak and carbon neutral goals are proposed, new energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic power generation will usher in a new round of explosive growth. In 2030, the cumulative installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaic power generation will reach 1.2 billion kilowatts or more. A new type of power system with energy as the mainstay will be very important." Luo An, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and director of the Academic Committee of Hunan University, said at the meeting.
Through the keynote report, he explained the challenges of stable control and orderly management of intelligent sensors faced by the high-proportion of new energy-friendly access power systems. Research on the problems and countermeasures of voltage and frequency stability of energy stations, problems and countermeasures of internal circulation and resonance of distributed micro-grid, and research on digital power intelligent sensing and identification problems and countermeasures of distribution network. He believes that frequency domain impedance method, active support technology, energy storage technology, current fingerprint sensor chip and intelligent identification technology can provide effective theoretical methods and scientific means for solving the high proportion of new energy friendly access.
On March 1 this year, the State Grid Corporation of China released the country's first carbon peak and carbon neutral action plan, striving to be the leader, promoter and pioneer of the transition to clean energy and low carbon. At present, the State Grid Corporation of China is studying and promoting the construction of a new power system with new energy as the main body, formulating and issuing the "Action Plan for Building a New Power System with New Energy as the Main Body (2021~2030)", and implementing new power system science and technology research actions plan.
NARI Group is the main force in the development of major scientific research results of the State Grid Corporation and the development of key core equipment for the power grid. Relying on the State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Operation Control, it accelerates the construction of new energy-based basic theoretical research and development of new power systems. Tackling key core technologies.
Leng Jun, Chairman and Secretary of the Party Committee of NARI Group, stated at the meeting that NARI Group aims at carbon peaking, carbon neutrality and the construction of new power systems, and is the first in the industry to propose the energy cyber-physical social system (CPSSE) framework and energy-power -Environmental collaborative optimization solution method, focus on deepening the basic theory of new power system stability analysis, the interaction and coordination mechanism of information-physical-social elements, and the new energy generation control method that actively supports the safe and stable operation of the power grid, etc. Theoretical research, source innovation, and organization of research The key technology of the carbon management system contributes to supporting the clean and low-carbon transition of energy and serving economic and social development.
Promote research on key technologies and continuously enhance the resilience of the power system
"Under the energy transition, issues such as supply security and the stability of new energy consumption systems have gradually become prominent, indicating that the safe and stable operation of the power system is threatened. Resilient power systems are one of the important means to deal with the risks of future power system operation." Qiu Aici was at the meeting. It is proposed that the construction of a resilient power system under the energy transition requires a "three-step" strategy. After 15 years of development and construction, the expected goal is finally achieved: under the attack of extreme events, the power system will be fully restored in 7 days, and the core regional power grid will be restored in 48 hours. , The key and important loads are not powered off. She said: "At present, the development of my country's flexible power system will still face severe challenges, and it is necessary to fully consider the impact of the intermittent and volatility of new energy power generation. The development of flexible power systems requires the formation of consensus from multiple parties, interdisciplinary, and constant, For a long time to work."
At the meeting, Zheng Yuping, director of the State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Operation Control and Deputy Dean of the State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, discussed and put forward three technical viewpoints in response to the technical challenges faced by the new power system protection and operation control: As the main control body, improve the transient and dynamic response capabilities of the new power system; aim to be unaffected by the characteristics of the power source, build a new power system relay protection technology system; use the source-network-load efficient interaction as an important means of new power system operation control.

Professor Tao Jiang from Northeast Dianli University and Dr. Rufeng Zhang from Northeast Dianli University proposed at the meeting that the high-proportion of new energy access puts forward higher requirements and more severe challenges for the safety of power system energy supply. The future power system needs to have greater flexibility and resilience. , In order to deal with the random fluctuation of new energy and frequent extreme natural disasters. They believe that the integrated energy system has the characteristics of multi-energy coupling and complementarity, flexible resources and safe interaction of energy supply. The comprehensive and coordinated use of multi-energy and flexible resources to build a resilient integrated energy system is to achieve the safe, clean and efficient consumption of new energy. One of the important means is also an important technical direction for the energy industry to support the achievement of carbon peak and carbon neutral goals.

News source: State Grid

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